Reinforced concrete structure.



WL C. EDWARDS, JR.V REINPORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17, 1911.

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

5 SEEETSSHBET 1.

W. C. EDWARDS, JR. REINFORCBD CONCRETE STRUCTURE. APPLI'UATION FILEDy JAN. 1v, 191;.

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

5 sHEETs-SHBBT 2.

@HEHE QUE@ W. C. EDWARDS, JR. REINPORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 17. 1911.

W. C. EDWARDS, JR. REINFORCED GONGRETB STRUCTURE. APBLIGATION FILED JAN.17,'1911.

W. o. EDWARDSLJR. REINFQRGED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.17, 1911.

Intermed Jan. 2, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

/OT "Ll /o U crete wall.

` .n rrnn sfrafrns WILLIAM c. EDwARns, Jn., oF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

-REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 2, 1912.

To all whom it may concern.:

-Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. EDWARDS, J r., a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri,

have invented certain new and useful Imand it hasfor its object: First: A means of combining structural parts of a form and reinforcement of the character described, with a standardpositioning ofthe studs. Second: A moisture-resisting, hollow con- Third: To reinforce lines of separation on the joints' of thev reinforcement and form. Fourth: In hollow `wal1 construction, to obtain a bond between the Walls in courses and support the plastic material in arch formation. Fifth: To pro-v vide ribs for the spacing plates ofthe form between the studs and inter-lock op osite parts of the ribs with each other. ixth: To afford a reinforcement with opposite, ribbed vformation plates. Seventhz Tofprovide a universal support at the corners of concrete structures.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of arts, such as will be first fully described and) then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings: Figure l. is a View, in perspective, of portions of concrete walls at the angle formed of side walls, of a' building, and of a partition wall, portions of the respective walls being broken away to show the invention. Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are detail,

` isometric views of the respective parts of a combined form and reinforcement, of the lhollow Wall construction, as seen in Fig. 1,'

and Fig. 5. is an isometric view of the parts as seen in Figs. 2,3 and 4 assembled together and in a position to receive the conv creting material'. Fig. 3 is a detail, vertical,

sectional view on line m, m, in Fig. 6. Fig. G. is an enlarged,y plan View of the parts ofthe completed form as seen: in Fig. '5. Fig. 7

Application led January 17, 1911. Serial No.r603',172.

is a plan view of the assemblage of modified parts.' Fig. 8. is a plan view, enlarged, of

kthe combined form and reinforcement, as,

seen inthe-partition wall in Fig. 1. Fig. 9. is an isometric view, enlarged (a broken portion), of the bed plate for the side walls of the struct-ure. Fig. 9a-'is a similar view of a bed plate construction for partition walls, as seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 1'0. is an isometric view of a broken portion of the bridging in the side walls, as seen in Fig. 1. Fig.

1()a is a similar view of abridgingconstruction for partition walls,.as seen in Fig. .1. Fig. 11. is a view, in perspective,'of the support for-the spacing members of the reinforcement at the corners of the walls. Fig. 12. is an enlarged, det-ail view of the vertical support and reinforcement for the abutting 'ends of the spacingplates in the partition wallasvseen in Fig. 1. Fig. 13. is a side view of the reinforcing link to the ribs in the spacing members of the combined form and reinforcement. Fig. 14. is an isometric view, on an enlarged scale, of one continuous body portion of the reinforcement, showing a modification of the studs, as seen in Fig. 2. Fig. 15. is a plan view of a plurality of the body sections, as seen in Fig. 14,

assembled together to constituteI the combined form and reinforcement. Fig. 16. is an isometric viewof a modification of the construction of the body-section, as seen in Fig. 1, and Fig. 17. is a plan View of a plurality of entrained body-sections asesmbled together, to constitute a combined form and reinforcement of the body section, as seen in Fig. 16. Fig. 18. is a plan View of an assemblage of the body ,section seen in Fig.

`14and the body-,section seen in Fig. 16, to form an alternate alinement of studs to that seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 19. is a view in perspective, of a modification' of the cross-tie reinforcementseen in the bed plate in Fig. 9. Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawing.

In the construction of the invention, particularly for the erectionof concrete Walls of buildings and'like structures, the composite forms employed for holding the wet concrete, and which also become the reinforcement are dissimilar as in respect to the monolithic, single wall and hollow wall construction, as illustrated. p

In the hollow wall construction, which will be lirst described, a complete reinforcegitudinallyextended plate, such as sheetsteel, of such thickness as to be readily bent,

and of the requisite length and width. A short portion of this main body plate, intermediate its ends, is bent transversely to the plate, to form a distance piece 22. Short,

outer portions of thisdistance piece are bent.

at right angles and in opposite, longitudinal directions, to form oisets 23 and 24, respectively. From the outer portions of these 'oHsets, short portions 25 and 26, of the main portion ofI the plate, are bent vat right angles to the offsets 23 and 24, and extended inwardly, and thence bent at 27 and 28, respectively, and extended-in opposite direcy' tions in the longitudinal direction of the main body plate the respective offsets with the adjacent parts'thereto forming grooves. To the points 30 and 31, res ectlvel Aand from said points, the main lliodyp ate is again bent at right angles rom"the points 30 and 31 and portions 32 vand 33, of the main plate extended in opposite directions and in transverse direction to the main body plate to the respective'points'34 and 35, at which points portions, of the plain body plate are again bent at right angles and `short portions36 and 37, respectively, extended a short distance in the longitudinal direction of the main body plate tothe respective points 38 and 39, at which points portions of the main plate are bent inwardly to form `inner vertlcally groovedl depressions or recesses 40 and 41, respectively, the opposite sides of the respective recesses 40 and 41, opposite to the sides formed by the angles 38 and 39, being extended outwardly a slight distance beyond the lines of the surfaces of the longer, bent portions 36 and 37, to the points" 42 and 43, respectively, at which points the remaining portions 45 and 46, of the main body plate are bentl at right angles, the portions of the plate extending in opposite, parallel planes the requisite distance for the purposel further explained. The (portions of the main body plate designate by the previous description and indicated by the reference numerals 23, 32, 36 and 40, constitute one circuitous plate or stud, and the portions 24, 33; 37 and 41 constitute another circuitous plate or stud, separated by the. distance plate 22 the recesses within the respective studs formed by the respective bent portions of the distance plate having their openings in opposite directions. From the res ective portions 45 and 46, short portions o the plates are bent inwardly, in Athe form of loops, and` these loo s iiattened together as at 47, to form sti ening elements or ribs to the plates. In order .to resist any separation of the folded portions oi the ribs in the opposite side-portions o each one of the ribs, a'short distance downwardly from the upper end of the rib' are vertical slits 48, penetrating the ribs which intersect horizontal slits 49, leaving rectangular portions 50 and 51, the lower, free ends of which portions are bent from one side of the rib through the openings made by the slits, and folded on the -other side of the rib, as seen in Fig. 3, thus forming a clamp to the parts of the rib. Other clamps are made inthe same manner in the drawing.

The portions 45 and 46, of the main body plate, constitute spacing plates between studs, whereby a defined standarddistance ma be obtained and preserved, and especial y in hollow wall construction, the position of the studs will in the assemblage of the forms accurately meet the stresses set up in concrete construction. Near 'the outer body plate, the plate is bent inwardly 7an folded upon' itself Vand the parts flattened similar in manner to the ribs 47 but shorter in length, asseen at 52, from which point a -short portion 53 extends upon the inner face of they plate 45, a distance slightly' greater than the width of' the surfaces-36 andl 37, of the studs, and is then bent at right angles inwardly and parallel with the ri s 47 and a slight distance be ond the line of the inner' surfaces lof'sai ribs, to

stud is bent at-right angles 'at 55, and a portion 56 .extended outwardly a1 slight distance in excess of the width of the, ortions 27 and 28, of the studs intermediateV the ends of the body-section, and is then bent at 57, at right angles` and in parallelV lane ywith the portions 54,l ofv thestud, an terf point 57, thereby forming thev end stud to` the plate, which' may be telescoped and interlocked with the stud having llke configuration of an allied plate. At the outer end portion of the plate 46 is a similar interlocking stud 59, which'is constructed precisely the same aS-the portions 52, 53,54, 56 and 58, upon the portion 45, of the plate.

these apertures being formed by vertical slits and`intersecting, lower slits, leaving a lip 59, the free end of which is bent from the inner side of the plates outwardly and in a horizontal position. These a ertures and lips are made in both horizonta and vertical within the plates may pass readily through the apertures and at any point along the 4surform the 'stud 54,.the inner portion of'which series, so that the flushing of wet' concrete rib and also in the other ribs, as seen in the y end of the portion 45, of the reinforcing Y minates at 58, a slight distance from Said l In the plates 45 and 46 are apertures 58",

faces of the plates. For the longitudinal extension of the main body-section in the wall, I employ an allied section 60, as seen in Fig. 3. This section consists of a spacing member or plate 61, which is constructed precisely the same as the portion or plate 46, of the main body section. At the end of plate 60 corresponding to that having stud 59 is a stud 62, and at the other end of said plate a recess 63, and stud 64, which is pre cisely the same as the stud plates 24, 33 37 and 41, in Fig. 2. This section is also provided with a distance plate 65, which is the same as distance plate 22, in Fig. 2, and which extends'fromstud 64 a 4corresponding distance to an offset 66, which is the same as the oiset23, and with the said offset is connected a short, recessed terminal portion 67,

-which is the same'as the portion 27, of the stud in Fig. 2, and afractional portion of the portion or plate 32 of said stud. This section 60 is also provided with apertures and lips as before described in Fig. 2.

For the purpose of lateral extensions in the Walls of the reinforcement and form, and also for so combining these allied sections that the spaces maybe made Within the form of regular proportions, I employ another section as seen in Fi 4. This section 7 0 consists of a longitudinal spacing member or plate 71, similar in construction to theA members 45 and 60, in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, but is shorter in length.

Section is provided at one end with an interlocking stud 72, and at the other end the plate is bent at right angles at 73, and extended the requisite distance from the line ofthe outer surface of said plate as far as it lnay be desired to establish the Width of spaces Within the form and contribute a distance plate 74, this plate at its outer end being bent at right angles and extended a slight distance 7 5, parallel with plate 71, and a portion 76 is extended inwardly in the direction of plate 71, a short distance, and a portion 77 bent at right angles and extended a short distance parallel with (the plate 71. The section 70 is also apertured and provided with the lips as described of the plates in Fig. 2. A continuous form and reinforcement for cement is composed of the main body section and allied sections 60 and 70, as seen in Fig. 5, in the following manner: The stud of aspacing plate 60 is telescoped within the parts 52, 53, 54 and 56, of the stud, on the end of plate 45, of 'the main body section and within the interlocking stud 62, of the section 60 is telescoped the parts 30, 32 and 36, of another main body section,V the plate 45 continuing the length ofthe outer side of the form, and the part 59, of the interlocking parts of the stud on the outer end of plate 46 is caused to telescope with the parts 66 and 67, of the section 60. Thus combined, theV sections mentioned form a compartment, the studs being opposed to each other, and the length and section 60, are then assembled, as before described, reversed in position to and placed parallel with the former sections, with the open spaces opposite the studs in the other longitudinal sections. An interlocking spacing 'member or section 70 is then placed opposite the alternate openings, or spaces, in the opposing, interlocked main body sections and section 60, and the interlocking stud 72 telescoped over the parts 26, 31 and 35, of

section, on the inner wall sections, and the parts 74, 76 and 77, on the other end of plate 70 caused to engage with the end rib on plate 46, thus formingv compartments with the said allied sections, wherever it is placed in the hollow Wall forms. As seen in Figs.

the intermediate inner stud of the main body l 5 and 6, in order that the interlocking part A 72 shall interlock with parts'of a stud 26, 33 and 37 that these plates 70 must be reversed in position, thus bringing the other,L

Lparts 74, which` space the forms apart, op-

posite each other, and an opening 78 is formed between, communicating with-compartments on opposite sides of the form cir-v cuitously, and forming .between plates 46 and 70 vertical Vspaces or shafts 79, as seen in Fig. 6, which are obviously the length of the main body section. The form and reinforcement seen in Fig. 5, as shown on Fig. 1, are positive and negative reproductions on the left and right hand side portions of the hollow wall, respectively.

It will be observed that the surfaces 36 and 37, `of the studs in the main body section setback from the line of the outer surfaces of the plates 45 and 46, so that the interlocking parts of other sections are flush therewith, these recesses 40 and 41 preventing any lines of separation with an adjacent section transversely to-the forms.

In Fig. 9 is illustrated a preferredforln of bed for the initial support of the combined forms-and reinforcement, which consist of longitudinally-extended plates 80, which are inexcess of the width of the combined form and reinforcement, as seen in Fig. 5. The outer, longitudinal portions of the plate are bent at right angles in an upward direction to form flanges 81. Inner flanges 82 are formed in the central portion of the bed 80, in the following manner: yThe plate 80 is cut longitudinally at points equidistant from the flanges 81, equal 'to the length of the shaft opemng 79, and between surfaces of said flanges.

said lengths are left the transverse connecting portions 83. The parts separated by the longitudinal dividing lines are` bent upwardly, forming the flanges 82. The anges 81 and 82 are apertured at 84, and providedA with the lips 85, on their outer surfaces, the bottom portion of the bed being provided with apertures 86 only.

A cordinate of the reinforcement consists of a bridging 90, as seen in Fig. 10,'and which is also made from a longitudinal strip of metal, of the same widthy as the plate 80, from which the bed is formed. This bridging consists .of the outer sectional side lianges 91, and parallel vinner sectional flanges 92, spaced apart a distance corresponding to that between the plates and 70, of the reinforcement seen in Fig. 6., At intervals in bridging 90 and in the inner flanges 92, portions 93 are cutaway transversely leaving a broad space, and in which spaces are transverse connecting Aplates 94, connected at its ends with the inner surfacesof theouter flanges 91, at a point intermediate the upper and lower horizontal With the inner anges 92 are connected at an intermediate poi'nt between their upper and lower longitudinal surfaces, the inner ends of transverse, narrow reinforcing strips 95, which are connected at like points with the inner surfaces of the respective outer flanges 91. With the strips 95 are connected integrally the longitudinal strips 96, extending from one strip to an adjoining strip. It is obvious that the parts of the bridging are integral with the anges and that these parts may be made from a single sheet of metal and the sectional anges bent upwardly from the lines ofseparation.

Another portion of the reinforcement as i' seen in Fig. 1 consists of a retainer for the parts of the form and reinforcement, as seen in Fig. 11, at the corner of the building structures. This retainer consists ofv two angle-plates 97 and 98, each angle plate having .two parts at right angles to each other, the angle-plates being connected at the apex of the inner angle plate 98, and with the inner surface of the apex of the outer angle plates 97 by the tie plate 99,'

which in length is sufficient to permit of the entrance between the respective angleplates of the parts-of the combined form and reinforcement, as seen in Fig. 1, and in the manner further described.

It is obvious that the parts 97, 98 and 99, of the angle and tie plates may be made from a single sheet of metal plate whose parts terminate at 99",v as seen in Fig. 11, in the customary manner of bending metal forms.

Vln Fig. 12, I have shown at 100 a form of reinforcement for joining the partition walls with the main, outer walls of a building,- no change in construction being madev from that of the bed plate in Fig. 9a, except that the lips in flanges. are at a different angle from those shown in flanges in Fig. 9a.

In the erection ofthe walls of a building, asseen in Fig. 1, a concrete footing 101 is first laid in the ground in the direction in which the walls are to be constructed, upon which footing are laid horizontally the apertured bed-plates 80. At the angle formed by the' intersection of side walls the bed plates are cut and fitted to the mitre of said angles. Upon the bed plates 80, between the flanges 81 and 82, are mounted the combined form and reinforcement, as seen in Fig., 5, in such a manner that the spaces 47 8, between the spacing members 74, of plates 70, are positioned above the transverse connecting plate 83, of' the flanged parts of the bed for hollow wall construction.

At the angles formed by the intersection of the sections of reinforcement approaching each other at right angles, as seen in Fig. 1, a mitre cut is made of the parts of the sections, and the parts removed so as to permit a joint to be made and between said angular parts are inserted the heretofore described tie-plates 99, of the device as seen in Fig. 11, the angle plate 97 fitting upon the outer surfaces of the side plates 45 and 60, of the outer and innerv compartments,l are afforded a closed end wherever they are cut, in order to make the joint with the plates 98.

It will be observed that the lips 59, in the upper and lower portions ofthe plates 45 and 46, 60 and 70, are removed so as to permit the sections to fit between the flanges on the bed and bridging plates. These parts of the sections, in order to give resistance to outward distortion from the weight of the concrete are held together by means of a rod 102, the ends of which are provided with hooks 103, as seen in Fig. 13, and the hook on said ends are made to engage with the apertured portions of the ribs 47, on the respective, opposite parts of the com artments, these rods forming also a rein orcement.

One course of the reinforcement being thus. completed, wet concrete is supplied to thecompartments of the combined form and reinfgrcement, in quantity, and a proportionate amount of the concrete flows through the apertures in the plates 0f the reinforcement and enters the recesses of the studs from opposite compartments or sections and uniting the body of concrete in the adjacent compartments with the. body of concrete within the recesses of the studs. Thisoutward -fiow of concrete is then spread on the outer surfaces of said reinforcement to the proper degree of thickness, and troweled down, thus affording a non-moisture-absorbing surface, both onthe exterior surfaces of lthe wall and the hollow spaces between the compartments, the latter being-readily finis'hed when the walls are in process of construction.

Upon the completion of the first course of the 'reinforced concrete wall, the bridging 90 is placed imposition, the lower portions.

of the flanges91' and 92 extending downwardly over aportion of the outer surfaces of the compartments, lthe connecting portions '95 -servingas reinforcement laterally 'to the'compartments, and at the same time preventing distortion of the plates forming the sides tothe compartments, the connecting 'portionsor plates 94 are so positioned v .In the .construction lof -partition walls-` which form apart of the Ebuilding wall, as seen in Fig. 1, the compartments of the re1n.

.forcement are 'formed by the assemblage of 0 -the entrained main body sections, as seen in,

Fig. .2, the interlocking parts of the studs at the ends ofthe main body section telescoping with the centrally `located studs of another `section, thus `forming compartments 315 as :seen in 8. The bed employed in the partition wall consists of a flanged plate 103, as seen :in Fig. .9% :which is provided with apertures 104 and lips 105, similar -in manner `to the bed shown in Fig. 9. The

seen in Fig.

40 aperturedpflanged plate 100, as

,12, is placed in a 4vertical position against the combined form and reinforcement for" theimain .walls of the building, the flanges serving to prevent the spreading, or distortion .of the .cut portions of the 'plates 45 and 46,of the form. Upon .the completion of one course of the partition wall the bridging t106,:shown -in sFig. 10a is placed upon the plates A45 and 46 vof .the reinforcement, and :the erection of the partition wall `proceeds inlike manner as described of the hollow outer walls.

In the assemblage of the combined form and reinforcement, the parts seen in Figs. 2, 3 .and 4 .admit of dilferentcombinations than the one shown iup-Figs. 1 and 5, for the hollow wall construction, such as is shown in 7. In .'.this arrangement of v parts the sections and 70 are alone com- 30 bined as seen-in Figs. Band 4, the part 70 bemgemployed inconjunction to form the hollow fspac between compartments in the reinforcement, asclearlyseen in .the drawlng.

The construction lof the sections may be modified as seen in Figs. 16 and 17 in which the parts of the same section are parallel in position and form the respective opposite sides 107 and 108, of the compartment. In this construction a single stud 109, is formed intermediate the ends of the plate constituting the section, the ends of the plate being provided with interlocking sectional parts of studs 110 and l111. Assembled in the manner shown in Fig. 17, the sections are reversed 4in position in respect to each other, andthe sectional parts of the studs arefitted telescopically, as in the other sections described. In this Fig. 17 `the compartments are. formed with a repetition of body sections, as seen in Fig. 16.

A modification of the forms and reinforcement for solid or hollow walls is seen lin Fig. 1.4,v in which a single stud-112 is formed intermediate Athe ends of the plate forming the body-section and equi-distant from the spacing-plates 113 and 114. In

Fig. 18 the body section as seen in Fig. 14 is combined with the body section as seen in Fig. 16, this arrangement affording the hollow spaces between parallel compartments. Instead of the form of stud as shown in Fig.` 1, I may employ the form of stud shown in Figs. 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18, in which the. interlocking 4vport-ions of a stud integral with the'oflsets 117, 118 are inclined at ali-angle tolthe offsets, as at 115 and 116, thereby lessening liability of the interlocking portions-of a stud'to disengage and become -separated in the introduction of the concrete to the compartments.

Instead of thetransverse connecting strips 83, in the bed plate as seen in Fig. 9, I may employ a flat strip 120, as seen inv Fig. 19, the central portion of which is provided with arib 121, similar tofth'e ribs 47, in Fig. 2,:the rib 121 extending upwardly, and the plate 120 having upwardly-extended flanges 122, this ptlate 120 being independent of parallel bed plates 123.

eFor light partitions and walls, a fireproof structure may be obtained in the employment `of my reinforcement as a combined studding and plate structure, which plate structuremay b e covered with plaster or stucco. The side members or plates in such uses may be punched out or perforated but the studs need not be punched out. y

The invention is applicable to the erection of all kinds of buildings of concrete, and for bridges, piling and foundation structures, such as curbing, revetments, elevators for storing'grain, the advantages of my invention being that the form which serves to support the concrete in setting becomes a permanent reinforcement through which moisture cannot penetrate, and which is susceptible of quick repairs, the lips on the reinforcement serving to bind the exterior wall surfaces of concrete to the reinforceof the parts of said studs and resist longi? tudinal strains upon the body sections. The various modes ofv assembling the body sections with the other allied sections enables the studs -to be positioned at points best adapted to resist lateral pressures, such as walls and partitions to buildings, and in the hollow Wall 'construction the continuity of the concrete Walls, which' as seen are unbroken, thev studs. are positioned to afford resistance to all tension and cross bending stresses to which the reinforcement may be subjected, .or toV give the basis for all oircuitous passages.

I am aware that sheared portions of two abutting flanged plates have been bent over upon themselves to form the securing ele- 'ment to -folded parts of the plates at right angles to the body portion. In my invention the sheared partsare intended to prevent spreading apart of the folded portions of the ribs hence the sheared parts are inl vertical alinement with the rib.

I am also aware that corner braces have been employed formed of folded strips of metal bent to form rentrant angles. the wings being separable at one end of the brace(4 In my invention the folded parts terminate upon the central arm of the brace ths making the parts non-separable.

Such other modifications may be employed as are Within the'seope of the appended claims.

Having' fully described my invention, what I now claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In concrete hollow wall construction, a continuity of main parallel reinforcing body sections spaced apart, each section comprising longitudinal 'plates spaced apart, in-

terlocking distance plates forming an integral part of the adjacent plates of the op-l positely alined main body sections, said distance plates extending transversely toeach body section and in reverse directions from the main body sections and spaced apart in parallel planes, one spacingplate being connected with the interlocking spacing plate of one body section in parallelism and the other companion spacing plate being connected with the interlocking spacing plates or members of the adjacent body sections in parallelism.

2. In concrete hollow wall construction, a continuity ofA main parallel reinforcing body sections spaced apart, each sect-ion comprising `longitudinal plates, spaced apart, lnterlocklng distance plates ldividing the plates in each body section, and forming an integral part thereof said distance plates being extended laterally and in reverse d1- rections from each body section and spaced apart in parallel planes, said spacing plates being integrally connected with the interlocking plates of adjacent body sections, in parallelism.

3. In concrete hollow `wall construction, wall reinforcing plates spaced apart in parallel planes, and transverse interlocking distance members separating thel plates into compartments orsections; and a corresponding section or sections of like reinforcement in alinement therewith l; portions of opposite inner wall reinforcing plates being bent laterally in parallel planes constituting spacing members between the alined compartments and engaging with the interlocking distance members of the respective opposite alined sections and forming between their inner face surfaces a passageconnecting opposite compartments or sections of the alined reinforcement. ,l 4. A reinforcement forconcrete structures comprising oppositely positioned studs and an integrally connected distance plate, the endsv of which distance plate are bent to form' grooves adjacent\thereto thence bent outwardly to form recessed studs opening in l opposite directions, the outer face portions of each stud terminating in an inward depression or groove.

5. A reinforcement for concrete structures comprising oppositely positioned studs and Y an integrally connected distance plate, the ends of which vdistance plate are bent to. form grooves adjacent thereto thence bent outwardly .to form recessed studs opening in opposite directions, the outer face portlons of each stud terminating in an linward de-- pression or groove, and a reinforcement whose graspin end is composed ofv bent portions exten ed telescopically upon the.

outer surfaces `of said stud or studs and engaging with the sides of the respective grooves.

6. A reinforcement for concrete structures consisting of a longitudinally extended body plate, a portion of which late intermediate itsv ends is bent transverse y to form la. distance plate, one outer portion of which distance plate is bent to form a recessed portion or stud vand grooves inthe outer faces thereof, the recessvopening in the direction of one end of the body section and the other outer vportion of thedistance plate bent to form a recessed portion or studand grooves in the outer face portion thereof, the Arecessl opening-1n the direction of the opposite end of the body section, the outer ends of the body -plate being folded on itself `a short` distance from` the lend "offtbe, plate, the folded end portions being bent inwardly lparallel with the grooves in the outer por-l tions of the studs, the ends of the body plate being thence bent outwardly terminatingin a grasping end and of like configuration but 'of sli htly larger cross sectionthan the correspon ing outerface portion of the said' studs. n

7 In a reinforcementfor concrete hollow `wall construction, superposed sections. of

' longitudinally extended vreinforcing plates and interlockin distance plates composing the ends of eac sectionsaid sections being arranged vhorizontally in the wall in parallelisu, horizontalv apertured bridging plates. between the superposed sections vand 15 upwardly and downwardly bent sectional anges thereon, 'a transverse connecting plate connecting one bridging plate integrally with the bridging\plate in parallelism.

plate being bent to form a recessed portion or stud and groovesin the outer faces thereofi, the recess opening in the direction of the opposite end of each body plate, the outer ends of each body plate being folded upon itself a short distance from the ends of the plate, the folded end portion being bent inwardly and the ends o the body plate being thence bent outwardly terminating in a grasping end which with the folded end Aortion forms an end stud, which end stud 1s telescopically interlocked with theadjacent stud on the distance member of an adjacent section. A

9. Reinforcements for concrete walls comprising'body sections or plates in parallel planes, transverse distance members or plates integral with the body sections, the

outer en d portions of each distance plateV being bent to form recessed studs opening in opposite directions, the` outer face portion of each stud terminating in an inward depression or groove and the outer ends of each body plate being bent inwardly to form a grasping end, which end is tele- Ascopically intel-locked within the groove carried by the adjacent stud on the ldistance member of an adjacent body section.

WILLIAM C. EDWARDS., JR.

Witnesses:

ROBERT O. MCLIN, ANNm L. Genre. 

